Iran formally accedes to the Baghdad Pact

Tudeh convened its second congress in Tehran and strengthened its Leninist organization after the postwar setbacks.

At its seventh-anniversary celebrations, Tudeh leaders condemned Tito’s split with Stalin and reaffirmed their loyalty to the Soviet Union.

An attempt to assassinate Mohammad Reza Shah was followed by the banning of Tudeh and affiliated organizations, driving the Soviet-linked party underground.

A CIA–MI6-backed coup overthrew Mohammad Mossadegh. The ensuing suppression of Tudeh narrowed the Soviet-linked left’s political space and strengthened the Shah’s Western orientation.

Iran and the USSR signed a settlement of border disputes and mutual financial claims from World War II, creating a legal basis for more predictable relations.

Mohammad Reza Shah and Queen Soraya arrived in Moscow for a state visit, showing that Western alignment still allowed direct diplomacy with the Soviet leadership.

Iran and the USSR signed a treaty on their frontier regime and procedures for investigating and settling border disputes and incidents.

Iran and the USSR agreed on equal shares of frontier river water and power resources and joint studies for irrigation and electricity projects on the Aras and Atrak.

Soviet–Iranian non-aggression talks ended without agreement amid disagreement over Iran’s Baghdad Pact membership and its planned defense agreement with the United States.

Iran signed a cooperation agreement with the United States at Ankara, reinforcing its Western security ties after the failure of Soviet–Iranian talks.