Egypt-brokered calm expires

President Abbas names ministers of a new emergency government in the West Bank after the Gaza split. Its legitimacy and relationship with the elected legislature are contested.

UN chronological review records a decree by President Abbas banning armed militias, amid continuing disputes over Palestinian security authority and armed resistance.

The Israeli cabinet designates Gaza a hostile territory and imposes further restrictions including on fuel supplies; OCHA documents ensuing electricity-related impacts.

OCHA publishes an assessment of intensified restrictions on people and goods since June 2007 and their serious effects on livelihoods and economic life. The publication date is used as the event date.

A ceasefire between Israel and Palestinian armed groups in Gaza takes effect. Reuters documents civilian hopes for respite and resumption of fishing and ordinary economic activity.

Israeli air attacks begin a major military offensive in Gaza. OCHA reports extensive strikes and civilian harm, while noting Israeli statements that the operation responded to rocket and mortar fire.

Israeli airstrikes begin a military campaign in Gaza, followed by artillery and ground operations. OCHA retrospectively records extensive civilian deaths, injuries, destruction and displacement;...

OCHA publishes an emergency report documenting the initial airstrikes, preliminary casualty reports, and rocket fire into Israel. Figures are explicitly provisional and should not be treated as...

Israeli ground forces enter Gaza following days of bombardment. The operation further restricts movement and access for civilians and humanitarian agencies.

A three-hour humanitarian ceasefire is implemented to permit civilian access to essential supplies and medical assistance, but combat resumes afterward.