Security Council Resolution 1402

Regional and international leaders met at Sharm el-Sheikh in an attempt to halt escalating violence after the outbreak of the Second Intifada.

Israeli and Palestinian negotiators meet in Taba for final-status talks; negotiations end without a final agreement.

Security Council affirms a vision of Israel and Palestine living side by side, a diplomatic milestone amid the uprising.

Arab League summit begins; the Arab Peace Initiative is adopted during the two-day meeting.

Israeli military incursion into Ramallah marks the beginning of large-scale West Bank reoccupation and curfews.

Military incursions expand into two additional West Bank cities, affecting civilian movement and daily life.

Operation Defensive Shield expands into Bethlehem; a prolonged siege around the Church of the Nativity follows.

Israeli forces enter Jenin and its refugee camp; fighting and civilian destruction follow, with disputed allegations examined by the UN.

Incursion into Nablus leads to intense fighting and extensive restrictions on residents.

The IDF announces the official end of the operation; UN reporting notes its consequences continued.