ANC disciplinary committee expels former president Jacob Zuma

The ANC National Disciplinary Committee expelled Zuma after finding that his collaboration with and support for the MK Party contravened party rules and damaged the ANC’s integrity and reputation. Zuma had led the ANC for a decade and been a member for more than six decades. The sanction formalised a break already made visible during the election. It also showed the limits of treating liberation history as a single inheritance: rival organisations now contested its symbols and constituency.