Mandela and three comrades are transferred to Pollsmoor Prison

Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Raymond Mhlaba, and Andrew Mlangeni were transferred from Robben Island to Pollsmoor Prison on the Cape Town mainland. The move ended Mandela’s 18 years on the island but did not end his imprisonment or political isolation. The shift changed the material conditions and geography of confinement, while the broader struggle for release continued through families, prisoners, communities, and international solidarity.