Iran and Iraq sign the frontier and neighbourly-relations treaty

The agreement linked border security and the Shatt al-Arab boundary to a halt in Iran’s support for the Kurdish revolt in Iraq. Its bargain briefly reduced one major source of interstate tension,...

Iran and Iraq exchanged ratifications in Tehran, bringing the treaty and associated protocols into force. The instruments made the negotiated border settlement legally operative before the...

After years of exile in Najaf, Khomeini left Iraq under pressure from the Iraqi government. The move relocated the Iranian opposition leader to France and formed part of the strained relationship...

Khomeini’s return placed him at the center of the revolutionary transition. The new political order that followed disrupted Iran’s regional relationships and heightened Iraqi leaders’ concern about...

The armed forces declared neutrality as the royal government collapsed. The transition weakened and reorganized Iran’s military command while the new republic faced domestic conflict and growing...

Abolhassan Bani-Sadr won the Islamic Republic’s first presidential election. He would lead Iran’s presidency during the invasion’s opening months before losing power in the political crisis of June...