Muhammad Ali refuses military induction

The programme associated with the party’s founding set out demands for community power, employment, housing, education and an end to police brutality. The archival record dates the programme to 15...

The General Assembly adopted Resolution 2145, terminating South Africa’s mandate and placing the territory under UN responsibility. It affirmed the people’s right to independence and condemned the...

Resolution 232 required states to restrict specified trade with Southern Rhodesia following the white-minority regime’s unilateral declaration. The decision used international economic pressure...

The election broke the white oligarchy’s hold on government and enabled Lynden Pindling’s Progressive Liberal Party to form a government with supporting members. The change followed organizing against...

At Riverside Church in New York, King publicly challenged the Vietnam War and connected militarism with racial and economic injustice. He argued that struggles for justice at home could not be...

Following sustained campaigning, voters approved removing the exclusion of Aboriginal people from constitutional population reckoning and enabling the Commonwealth to legislate for them. The result...

The Supreme Court ruled unanimously for Mildred and Richard Loving, invalidating state laws prohibiting interracial marriage. Their challenge confronted the state’s authority to police intimate life...

A police raid on an unlicensed club sparked confrontations that developed into a major uprising. The crisis unfolded amid longstanding grievances over policing and racial inequality. It was not a...

An FBI directive launched a counterintelligence programme against organizations it labelled Black nationalist hate groups. Its purpose included disrupting and discrediting groups and leaders, not...

Black sanitation workers stopped work after years of unsafe conditions, low pay and unequal treatment. The deaths of Echol Cole and Robert Walker earlier that month intensified their grievances....