Jamaica gains independence from Britain

Umkhonto we Sizwe announced its existence through a manifesto and attacks on state installations. Its statement justified a turn to armed resistance by citing repression and the closure of peaceful...

Western Samoa became independent after New Zealand administration and a long history of Samoan resistance, including the Mau movement. Independence asserted Samoan political authority against colonial...

The ceasefire negotiated by France and Algerian representatives at Evian took effect after agreements concluded on 18 March. It opened a path toward self-determination following the independence...

The Commonwealth Electoral Act received assent, extending the option of federal electoral enrolment to Indigenous Australians previously excluded. Some Indigenous people already held voting rights, so...

Algeria marked its independence on 5 July following a referendum and French recognition on 3 July. The victory ended French colonial sovereignty after a prolonged liberation struggle. It changed...

Trinidad and Tobago gained independence under Prime Minister Eric Williams. In his independence address, Williams rejected second-class citizenship based on race, colour or creed. Independence gave...

Meredith registered after a legal struggle and violent resistance to his admission. Federal intervention was required to overcome obstruction of desegregation. His entry challenged racial exclusion at...

Uganda became independent, with Milton Obote heading the government. Independence ended British colonial authority over the country’s national political institutions. In the DTM framework, this is a...

Resolution 1761 requested diplomatic and economic measures against South Africa, including a boycott of its goods, and established a special committee to review apartheid. It strengthened...

The General Assembly adopted Resolution 1803 on permanent sovereignty over natural resources. It linked control of resources to national development and peoples’ well-being. For movements...