Participation and representation remain contested

The stronger office of the leading jurist emerged during later deliberations in the elected Assembly of Experts.

The text sought to institutionalize independence, participation and a break with the monarchical constitution.

The election chose representatives to review and rewrite the proposed constitution.

Clerical networks organized effectively while several left and minority organizations boycotted or faced disadvantages.

The vote established a formal arena for deciding the institutions of the Islamic Republic.

Seventy-three elected members began detailed deliberation on the constitution.

Clerical members advanced the principle that a qualified jurist should guide and supervise the republic.

Members sought different ways to combine elections, representative institutions and religious leadership.

The emerging constitution addressed public ownership, protection of the oppressed and rejection of foreign domination.

The prominent anti-Shah cleric, former political prisoner and advocate of popular councils died unexpectedly.