Humboldt 7 massacre

José Antonio Echeverría seized the station and announced that Batista had fallen, but the broadcast was cut off before completion.

Police killed the student leader near the University of Havana after the palace and radio actions.

Women in the Revolutionary Directorate transported messages, sheltered activists and sustained clandestine work around the Havana action.

The radio action aimed to broadcast the fall of Batista and call the population into the streets while the palace assault proceeded.

The assault exposed the willingness of urban revolutionaries to challenge the dictatorship at its centre, despite severe losses.

Information provided to Batista’s police led them to four student revolutionaries hiding in Havana.

The Rebel Army attacked a fortified coastal garrison. The costly victory demonstrated its growing military capacity.

Medical work after the battle helped establish the Rebel Army’s claim to different rules of conduct from Batista’s forces.

The manifesto called for Batista’s removal, a provisional government, civil liberties and elections, seeking a broad opposition alliance.

The opposition platform proposed civil liberties and elections after Batista’s departure, reflecting the broad democratic aims of the coalition at this stage.