The ANC and government sign the Record of Understanding

Mandela withdrew from formal talks, demanding action against violence and evidence of state involvement.

The Tripartite Alliance used mass action to demand an interim government, majority rule and effective measures against political violence.

The meeting sought a way out of the post-Boipatong deadlock and prepared the ground for renewed constitutional negotiations.

Troops opened fire on an ANC-led march demanding free political activity, killing twenty-eight people and injuring many more.

At a peace summit, the leaders reopened the path to constitutional talks after Boipatong and Bisho.

Investigators seized plans from a secret operation linked to destabilizing the ANC, strengthening concerns about a state-sponsored third force.

The releases implemented a key provision of the Record of Understanding and removed an obstacle to renewed talks.

The parties discussed security, a Government of National Unity, media reform and incorporation of the nominally independent homelands.

Participants agreed to resume broad talks and establish a new Multi-Party Negotiating Process after CODESA's failure.

Representatives of twenty-six organizations resumed detailed negotiations on the constitutional transition.