ANC and COSATU allege security-force orchestration of violence

Their first formal talks committed both sides to address political prisoners, exiles and security laws obstructing negotiations.

The government ended emergency rule in most of South Africa, removing a major repressive obstacle while violence and restrictions persisted elsewhere.

The government agreed to address remaining obstacles to negotiation, while the ANC announced suspension of armed actions to advance a political settlement.

The state deployed troops southeast of Johannesburg as conflict between ANC and IFP supporters intensified during the uncertain transition.

The leaders met as attacks spread to Soweto after armed hostel residents assaulted train passengers, threatening the negotiation process.

The Special Committee against Apartheid expressed concern about killings, detentions and arrests during the opening political process.

ANC, UDF and COSATU representatives demanded government action as township killings threatened peaceful change.

Leaders met in Durban and issued a joint statement seeking ways to end violence in Natal and the Reef townships.

After a Mandela-De Klerk meeting, the government announced that about 20,000 exiles could come home, reversing a major consequence of repression.

Justice Minister Kobie Coetsee announced procedures, but the government and ANC disputed how many prisoners qualified.