📅 10 Februari 1258
The Abbasid caliph surrendered on 10 February 1258, followed by the sack of a city central to centuries of scientific exchange.
📅 10 Februari 1258
Libraries and institutions suffered catastrophic loss, although the familiar story that all books were thrown into the Tigris cannot be treated as a precise inventory.
📅 10 Februari 1258
Knowledge survived through manuscripts and scholars in Maragha, Damascus, Cairo, Central Asia and other centers, preventing a simple rise-and-collapse narrative.
📅 10 Februari 1258
The destruction of Abbasid institutions redirected scholars and resources, reshaping rather than ending mathematics in the Islamic world.
📅 10 Februari 1258
The conquest devastated a city central to centuries of astronomical, mathematical and medical scholarship.
📅 10 Februari 1258
Manuscripts and scholars continued work in Maragha, Damascus, Cairo, Central Asia and other centers.
📅 10 Februari 1258
The conquest redirected resources and personnel, contributing to new observatory projects under Mongol rule.
📅 10 Februari 1258
Destruction was severe, but Islamic astronomy continued to innovate; institutional change should not be confused with intellectual disappearance.
