Rio’s municipal code of postures regulated street life, commerce, sanitation, and public order. Such rules shaped the conditions under which enslaved people hired out their labor, including porters,...
The first national census used 1 August 1872 as its reference date and classified residents by categories including enslaved or free status, sex, marital condition, and occupation. Census figures...
On 24 September 1792, civil commissioners Polverel, Sonthonax, and Ailhaud issued a proclamation defining their authority in Saint-Domingue. Their mandate was to enforce the 4 April equality law and...
