On 30 January 1881, jangadeiros in Fortaleza, including Francisco José do Nascimento (Chico da Matilde, later known as Dragão do Mar) and Antônio Napoleão, refused to carry enslaved people from...
On 25 March 1884, Ceará became the first Brazilian province to abolish slavery throughout its territory. This provincial act followed years of municipal emancipation, the jangadeiros’ refusal to...
