đź“… 1 November 1954
Coordinated attacks and the FLN’s declaration marked the beginning of the war for independence. The uprising challenged French claims that Algeria was an integral part of France and demanded...
đź“… 18 January 1955
Mourad Didouche, one of the FLN’s historic organisers and a commander in the northeast, was killed during a French military operation. His death demonstrated the risks faced by the movement’s early...
đź“… 20 August 1955
The FLN and allied villagers attacked police, military, and settler targets in North Constantine in an effort to break the image of a contained rebellion and draw attention to Algeria internationally....
đź“… 19 January 1795
The proclamation followed the collapse of the old Dutch Republic under French military pressure. Colonial administration and company privileges would soon be reorganized, but the new regime...
đź“… 7 May 1954
After 56 days of siege, French forces at Dien Bien Phu surrendered to the Viet Minh. The victory followed years of Vietnamese resistance to France’s attempt to restore colonial rule after Japan’s...
đź“… 23 November 1946
A customs dispute and armed clashes in Haiphong escalated into French naval bombardment and extensive destruction. Casualty estimates vary widely, and contemporaneous colonial reporting minimized...
