📅 22 November 2017
Rouhani, Putin and Recep Tayyip Erdogan met in Sochi and issued a joint statement on Syria, linking their Astana cooperation to efforts toward a political process.
📅 7 September 2018
Rouhani, Putin and Erdogan met in Tehran and issued a joint statement on Syria, continuing coordination through the Astana format and discussing the political process.
📅 14 February 2019
Rouhani, Putin and Erdogan held a Syria summit in Sochi, agreeing to continue trilateral coordination and efforts toward a political process.
📅 16 September 2019
The presidents of Iran, Russia and Turkey met in Ankara and issued a joint statement on Syria, continuing their Astana cooperation and efforts toward a constitutional process.
📅 1 July 2020
Rouhani, Putin and Erdogan held a video summit on Syria, renewing trilateral coordination and support for a political process during the COVID-19 pandemic.
📅 19 July 2022
Putin met Raisi in Tehran during a visit that also included consultations with Iran’s supreme leader and a trilateral summit on Syria with Turkey.
