South African Native National Congress

The South African Native National Congress is founded

📅 8 January 1912

Delegates met in Bloemfontein to create a national African organization against racial discrimination and political exclusion. The SANNC was renamed the African National Congress in 1923.

The Natives Land Act takes effect

📅 19 June 1913

The law confined African land purchase and tenancy to designated reserves comprising about seven percent of the country. It accelerated dispossession, labour coercion and rural poverty.