Democratic Republic of Vietnam

Vietnam’s independence declaration challenges colonial claims to liberty

📅 2 September 1945

Hồ Chí Minh proclaimed the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. The declaration invoked principles of equality while criticizing French colonial exploitation and repression. It turned the language of...

The Geneva declaration recognizes principles of sovereignty in Indochina

📅 21 July 1954

The Geneva Conference issued its final declaration concerning peace in Indochina after the defeat of French forces. It addressed sovereignty and a provisional military division of Vietnam, with...