Dutch-led forces began a sustained siege of the Padri stronghold. The army relied heavily on soldiers recruited from elsewhere in the archipelago, making imperial expansion dependent on unequal...
After a six-month siege, Dutch forces captured Bonjol. Imam Bonjol withdrew rather than surrendering immediately, and resistance continued. The victory extended Dutch power but did not settle the...
Dutch officials captured Imam Bonjol under the pretext of negotiations and exiled him far from his homeland. The arrest followed the fall of Bonjol and demonstrates how colonial power operated through...
