Historical Organization
Federal Republic of Brazil
Federal Republic of Brazil
Details
Organization Timeline
Brazil promulgates a constitution recognizing quilombo land rights
📅 5 October 1989Article 68 of the Constitution’s Transitional Provisions recognizes definitive land ownership for descendants of quilombo communities who occupy their lands. This constitutional claim linked...
Brazil requires teaching Afro-Brazilian history and culture
📅 9 January 2003Law 10.639 made the teaching of African and Afro-Brazilian history and culture compulsory in official school curricula. It followed decades of Black movement advocacy and challenged curricula that had...
Brazil expands required curricula to include Indigenous history and culture
📅 10 March 2008Law 11.645 amended the education law to require Indigenous as well as Afro-Brazilian history and culture in school curricula. It broadened the public account of colonial violence and resistance...
Brazil enacts the Statute of Racial Equality
📅 20 July 2010The statute established a national legal framework to promote racial equality and combat discrimination, including in education, culture, health, and employment. It translated Black movement demands...
Brazil enacts a federal university admissions quota law
📅 29 August 2012Law 12.711 reserved places at federal universities and institutes for public-school graduates, with provisions reflecting racial and Indigenous demographics. It emerged from long campaigns over...