The Étoile Nord-Africaine (ENA) developed from North African migrant organising in France into a political organisation opposing colonial domination. Algerian workers and migrants built networks...
The ENA’s constituent general assembly formalised an organisation built by North African activists and workers in France. It advanced political claims that challenged colonial rule and the limits of...
The French government dissolved the ENA, an anticolonial organisation that had mobilised North African workers and called attention to colonial inequality. The move constrained political association...
