The Nazi Party and affiliated organizations staged a nationwide boycott of Jewish-owned shops, lawyers, and doctors. The action made exclusion visible in public space and foreshadowed the state-backed...
After a Nazi-organized pogrom began on the night of November 9–10, synagogues were burned, Jewish businesses and homes destroyed, and Jewish people assaulted and killed. Police and fire services...
A state-orchestrated pogrom on the night of 9-10 November destroyed synagogues, shops, homes, and community institutions; Jewish people were murdered and tens of thousands arrested and sent to...
