Historische Organisatie
United States Navy
United States Navy
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Battle of Midway shifts the Pacific balance
📅 4 Juni 1942At Midway, U.S. forces destroyed four Japanese aircraft carriers and checked Japan’s rapid expansion. The battle’s strategic importance is clear, but its familiar carrier-centered narrative can...
Operation Passage to Freedom begins
📅 16 Augustus 1954U.S. Navy and French vessels began transporting civilians from northern to southern Vietnam after Geneva. Hundreds of thousands moved in both directions during the regroupment period. The movement...
A disputed second Gulf of Tonkin attack report shapes escalation
📅 4 Augustus 1964U.S. officials reported a second attack on U.S. ships, but contemporaneous messages raised doubts about radar and sonar evidence. The episode shows how uncertain intelligence was presented publicly as...
Operation Rolling Thunder bombing campaign approved
📅 13 Februari 1965The Johnson administration approved a sustained bombing campaign against North Vietnam. Air strikes also expanded across the wider region. Officials sought to coerce Hanoi, but the campaign brought...
United States begins Operation Rolling Thunder
📅 2 Maart 1965U.S. aircraft launched a sustained bombing campaign against North Vietnam, intended to pressure Hanoi and support the South Vietnamese government. The gradual escalation devastated infrastructure...
U.S. pilot John McCain is captured after being shot down
📅 26 Oktober 1967McCain’s aircraft was hit over Hanoi; he was injured and captured after parachuting into the city. His imprisonment became a major U.S. media story, while the experience of Vietnamese prisoners,...
Nixon orders mines placed in North Vietnamese ports
📅 8 Mei 1972The U.S. announced that mines would be laid in Haiphong and other ports to disrupt external supply. The decision sharply escalated pressure on North Vietnam and affected shipping, while expanding...
Operation Linebacker bombing campaign begins
📅 10 Mei 1972The United States began a major bombing campaign against North Vietnam, including attacks on transport, industrial and military targets. The campaign accompanied mining of ports and the Easter...
U.S. Linebacker II bombing of Hanoi and Haiphong begins
📅 18 December 1972The Nixon administration began intensive air attacks on Hanoi and Haiphong after negotiations stalled. The bombing killed civilians and damaged infrastructure; it did not settle the underlying...
U.S. pauses the Linebacker II bombing campaign
📅 29 December 1972The Nixon administration halted the intensive bombing of Hanoi and Haiphong after eleven days. Civilian deaths and destruction drew international criticism. Negotiations resumed, but the bombing’s...
U.S. airborne minesweeping begins in North Vietnamese ports
📅 27 Februari 1973Operation End Sweep began clearing mines laid by U.S. forces during the war, following the Paris Peace Accords. Helicopter crews worked in Haiphong’s shipping approaches and other ports. The operation...
Operation End Sweep completes minesweeping in North Vietnamese waters
📅 18 Juli 1973U.S. naval forces completed the minesweeping mission and departed North Vietnamese territorial waters; Task Force 78 was disbanded later in July. Clearing mines did not remove the much broader...
Khmer Rouge forces seize the U.S. ship Mayaguez
📅 12 Mei 1975Cambodian forces seized the U.S. merchant ship Mayaguez and its crew in the Gulf of Thailand. The U.S. military rescue operation that followed came days after Saigon’s fall and showed how conflict...