Russia

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Tijdlijn van de Organisatie

Eleven republics sign the Alma-Ata Protocol

📅 21 December 1991

Leaders of eleven former Soviet republics endorsed the CIS and principles of sovereign equality. The meeting broadened the post-Union arrangement, while Georgia and the Baltic republics remained...

United States withdraws from the JCPOA

📅 8 Mei 2018

The US announced it would cease participation in the 2015 nuclear agreement and reimpose sanctions. The decision weakened the agreement’s economic and diplomatic foundations; Iran remained formally...

The United States withdraws from the JCPOA

📅 8 Mei 2018

President Donald Trump announced that the United States would end its participation in the nuclear deal and reimpose sanctions. Iran and the other JCPOA participants said the agreement should continue...

Indirect Vienna negotiations begin to restore the JCPOA

📅 6 April 2021

Iran and the remaining JCPOA participants began Vienna talks while US representatives participated indirectly through European intermediaries. Iran insisted that US sanctions be lifted before its...

The EU reimposes nuclear-related sanctions after UN snapback

📅 29 September 2025

After France, Germany, and the United Kingdom triggered the JCPOA snapback process in August, UN sanctions returned on September 28, according to the E3 and EU. The EU Council adopted its own...