Historical Organization
Georgian SSR
Georgian SSR
Details
Organization Timeline
Red Army enters Tbilisi; Soviet Georgia declared
📅 25 February 1921The Red Army entered Tbilisi and a Georgian Soviet republic was proclaimed, ending the Menshevik-led Democratic Republic of Georgia. Soviet leaders described the change as revolutionary liberation;...
Soviet Russia and Turkey sign Treaty of Kars
📅 13 October 1921Turkey and the Soviet republics of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia signed the Treaty of Kars, settling borders in the South Caucasus. The agreement involved regional governments but was shaped by...
Transcaucasian Federation established
📅 12 March 1922Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan formed the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. The arrangement pooled institutions before the federation entered the USSR. It reduced separate...
Trotsky defends Soviet policy on Georgia in Between Red and White
📅 1 April 1922He argued that Soviet intervention in Georgia aided workers and poor peasants, but his account defended the military incorporation of a country whose Menshevik government had national support. The...
The Georgian affair exposes the conflict over Soviet federalism
📅 5 October 1922Stalin and Sergo Ordzhonikidze pressed to place Georgia inside a Transcaucasian federation and a centralized Soviet union. Georgian Bolsheviks resisted the arrangement and reported coercion. Lenin’s...
The Soviet state begins deporting Meskhetian Turks
📅 15 November 1944Soviet authorities removed Meskhetian Turks and several other borderland communities from southern Georgia to Central Asia. The state cited security concerns and alleged collaboration, but the...
Soviet troops disperse a peaceful independence demonstration
📅 9 April 1989Soviet Interior Ministry troops attacked demonstrators, killing civilians and injuring many others. The violence deepened opposition to Soviet rule and became a turning point in Georgia’s independence...