Historical Organization
state enterprises
state enterprises
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Organization Timeline
The Party’s “general line” launches the Great Leap Forward
đź“… 5 May 1958The second session of the Eighth Party Congress endorsed a drive to achieve rapid industrial and agricultural growth through mass mobilization. The campaign sought to close the gap with advanced...
The central government orders a reduction in urban population and grain sales
đź“… 16 June 1961A set of nine measures sought to reduce the urban population and cut grain sales in cities. Millions of people were transferred or returned to rural areas as the state struggled to match food supply...
The Cultural Revolution begins, disrupting administration and production
đź“… 16 May 1966The May 16 Circular launched a political campaign that targeted officials, intellectuals and institutions accused of revisionism. Political conflict soon disrupted schools, research, management and...
The Shanghai People’s Commune challenges established city governance
📅 5 February 1967Radical activists declared a commune modeled on the Paris Commune after taking power from municipal authorities. The experiment raised questions about workers’ authority and political...
Dual-track pricing spreads across commodities and enterprise inputs
đź“… 1 January 1985The state retained planned prices and quotas while allowing above-quota output and some inputs to trade at negotiated or market prices. This gradual approach avoided a single shock to state allocation...
Pilot labor contracts formalize a divided urban workforce
đź“… 1 December 1986Contract labor expanded for newly hired workers, while many incumbent employees retained permanent status. The dual arrangement allowed enterprises to test flexible hiring without confronting the...