Easter Rising challenges British rule in Ireland

German forces surrendered after South African troops occupied the colony during a campaign aimed partly at denying Germany ports and wireless stations. The territory was later placed under South...

Socialists from across Europe met at Zimmerwald to oppose the war and call for peace. The manifesto linked the conflict to imperial competition and condemned the burden placed on workers and oppressed...

Ottoman troops surrounded the British-Indian force at Kut in Mesopotamia after its retreat from Ctesiphon. The siege exposed the cost of an imperial campaign supplied and fought largely by Indian...

The Allies completed the evacuation of Gallipoli after the failed attempt to seize the Dardanelles. Ottoman defenders had repelled a campaign involving British, French, Australian, and New Zealand...

After a prolonged campaign through difficult terrain, the last German stronghold at Mora surrendered to Allied forces. African soldiers from British and French colonies were essential to the campaign....

The British-Indian garrison surrendered to Ottoman forces after hunger and disease made further resistance impossible. About 13,000 men entered captivity; many died from illness, malnutrition, and...

Britain and France secretly agreed to divide much of the Ottoman Arab lands into zones of control and influence, with Russian assent. The plan contradicted the spirit of promises made to Arab...

Sharif Hussein’s forces began the Arab Revolt with British support. Arab leaders sought independence, while British and French officials made overlapping and contradictory wartime commitments,...

India’s contribution of soldiers, labor, funds, and supplies intensified calls for political change. British wartime promises of gradual self-government were met with limited reforms and continued...

The first contingent of Chinese recruits sailed from Weihaiwei to work for Britain’s war effort. Labourers built roads and railways, unloaded supplies, repaired facilities, and later cleared...