Luxemburg presents the Spartacus programme

Luxemburg supports the revolution’s challenge to war and landlord power, while warning that restrictions on political freedoms threaten socialist self-government. Her criticism is later published...

Her manuscript praises the Bolsheviks’ break with imperial war and landlordism but criticizes the suppression of political pluralism and the restriction of democratic life. The argument insists that...

Her analysis of the Russian Revolution supports the overthrow of landlordism and the end of the war while warning that suppressing political freedoms can undermine socialist democracy. Because the...

The German Revolution ends her detention and brings workers’ and soldiers’ councils into public political life. Luxemburg returns to Berlin and commits herself to a socialist transformation led by...

Within a day of her release she helps edit the revolutionary newspaper Die Rote Fahne. The paper becomes a platform for debate over the revolution’s direction, the councils, the SPD-led government and...

She urges the councils’ congress to make the councils the basis of national authority rather than transfer power to a National Assembly. Delegates vote for elections, demonstrating that...

Luxemburg helps found the KPD at its congress in Berlin. The new party gathers revolutionary socialists but is divided over electoral participation, centralized party organization and the timing and...

At the founding congress she recommends standing in the National Assembly election, believing revolutionaries should use the platform to organize support. Delegates reject her view and vote to...

A protest against the dismissal of police president Emil Eichhorn escalates into an armed uprising involving workers, USPD supporters and KPD members. Luxemburg had not authored a plan for the action;...

In her final article she condemns the crushing of the uprising and argues that defeat does not end revolutionary struggle. The piece was written as counterrevolutionary forces gained ground and amid...