Marx publishes Herr Vogt

Engels followed Spain’s revolutionary crisis and examined the roles of military officers, popular mobilization, and liberal factions. His reporting linked local struggles to wider European contests...

During the global commercial crisis of 1857, Marx drafted extensive notebooks on money, production, circulation, and capital. The manuscripts remained unpublished until the twentieth century and...

The panic of 1857 disrupted trade and employment across the Atlantic world. Their correspondence connected market turmoil to industrial production and popular hardship; Marx used the crisis as an...

The book developed Marx’s analysis of commodity, money, and social production. Its preface summarized a historical-materialist approach that later shaped debates over class, social change, and the...

Engels examined the strategic rivalry around Italian unification and Austria. The work illustrates his sustained interest in military affairs and national struggles, while also showing the limits of a...

As the U.S. Civil War began, Marx and Engels followed the conflict as a struggle whose outcome would shape slavery, labor, and democracy. Marx’s later journalism supported emancipation and...

Marx argued that the conflict could not be understood apart from slavery and the political power of the slaveholding class. His reporting connected emancipation in the United States to workers’...

Mary Burns, Engels’s long-time partner and a working-class Irish woman, died suddenly. She had introduced Engels to working-class neighborhoods and lives in Manchester, but her own history is sparsely...

Workers and trade-unionists from several countries founded the First International at St Martin’s Hall. Marx drafted its inaugural address and rules, but the association’s political force came from...

The General Council backed Polish national independence, linking resistance to imperial domination with international worker solidarity. Marx helped draft the resolution, but the debate also reflected...