Birzeit’s closure targets an important civic institution

Organizations/movement: Al-Haq (Law in the Service of Man). Action: Palestinian lawyers founded a human rights organization and studied the legal structures of occupation. Result: Legal research...

Organizations/movement: Palestinian Medical Relief Society. Action: Doctors and health professionals organized to supplement inadequate health services. Result: A Palestinian volunteer health...

Organizations/movement: National Guidance Committee. Action: Khalil was elected to the committee after repeated arrests and restrictions. Result: She became its only woman member. Impact /...

Israeli authorities closed Birzeit University from 20 March to 4 April 1979. This record documents restrictions affecting Palestinian students and university organising; it does not claim that the...

Organizations/movement: West Bank municipal leadership. Action: Bomb attacks targeted Palestinian mayors and severely injured Shaka and Khalaf. Result: The attacks threatened local nationalist...

Organizations/movement: al-Karmel magazine. Action: Darwish founded a cultural magazine in Beirut. Result: A new literary forum entered Palestinian intellectual life. Impact / interpretation:...

Organizations/movement: Palestinian Communist Party. Action: Communists brought West Bank, Gaza and diaspora networks into a Palestinian party. Result: The party’s re-establishment was publicly...

Israeli authorities closed Birzeit University from 16 February to 16 April 1982. Repeated closures impeded Palestinian higher education and political organisation.

Organizations/movement: PLO; Lebanese allies; Israeli army. Action: PLO forces and allies confronted the Israeli invasion, followed by the siege of Beirut. Result: The war inflicted widespread...

Beit Atfal Assumoud, a Palestinian community organisation in Lebanon, was established to support Palestinian children and families through education and social services.