The monarchy abandons its compulsory party project

Under pressure amid the Iranian crisis, Iraq restricted his political activity in Najaf.

He rejected conditions that would have limited messages supporting the revolutionary movement inside Iran.

Visitors, recordings and statements had connected Khomeini's exile residence to activists across Iran.

The confrontation set in motion Khomeini's departure and eventual move to France.

The one-party institution created by the Shah in 1975 collapsed under revolutionary pressure.

Officials and local elites tied to Rastakhiz could no longer present it as a channel for popular participation.

Dissolution did not satisfy a movement increasingly committed to ending monarchical rule.

After nearly thirteen years in Iraq, he left when authorities made continued political activity impossible.

Border authorities denied him admission, preventing relocation to another neighboring Muslim country.

The attempted move drew attention to efforts by regional governments to contain the Iranian revolutionary message.