Battle of Palma Mocha

The manifesto called for Batista’s removal, a provisional government, civil liberties and elections, seeking a broad opposition alliance.

The opposition platform proposed civil liberties and elections after Batista’s departure, reflecting the broad democratic aims of the coalition at this stage.

Santiago police killed the leading organizer of the urban underground. His death provoked mass mourning and protest.

Large crowds joined the funeral procession despite repression, turning mourning into a public demonstration against the dictatorship.

Workers and communities in eastern Cuba stopped work, revealing the breadth of anti-Batista resistance beyond the mountains.

Naval personnel and civilian revolutionaries seized key positions in Cienfuegos before government forces crushed the revolt.

After sailors and civilians seized much of the city, Batista’s air and ground forces crushed the revolt with heavy casualties.

The Rebel Army attacked an army position and strengthened its control of routes in the Sierra Maestra.

Rebel forces fought an army unit in the Sierra Maestra; commander Ciro Redondo was killed in the engagement.

The Rebel Army launched a coordinated attack against a larger government position.