📅 30 December 1978
After other liberal politicians declined, the monarch asked the National Front figure to form a civilian government.
📅 30 December 1978
He sought to restore constitutional government while retaining the monarchy, a position rejected by most of the revolutionary movement.
📅 30 December 1978
His acceptance split him from former allies who insisted that cooperation with the Shah could not answer popular demands.
📅 30 December 1978
The proposed government became part of a final attempt to transfer authority before the monarch left Iran.
📅 16 January 1979
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi departed Iran amid nationwide strikes and demonstrations, ending his effective rule even before the monarchy was formally abolished.
📅 16 January 1979
Millions interpreted the departure as a victory over dictatorship, foreign dependency and the political order created after the 1953 coup.
📅 16 January 1979
Shapour Bakhtiar tried to preserve a constitutional monarchy, but most revolutionary forces rejected a government still appointed by the Shah.
📅 16 January 1979
Military and state institutions lost cohesion as popular committees, strikes and revolutionary leadership gained practical power.
📅 10 February 1979
The royal government attempted to confine residents indoors and regain control through martial-law powers.
📅 10 February 1979
The instruction turned mass presence in the streets into a decisive test of revolutionary authority.
📅 10 February 1979
Armed groups and residents captured state facilities as units of the security apparatus surrendered or withdrew.
📅 10 February 1979
Neighborhood resistance and military defections made enforcement of royal orders increasingly impossible.
📅 11 February 1979
Senior commanders announced that the military would not continue defending the royal government, removing its final institutional support.
📅 11 February 1979
The last royal prime minister went into hiding as ministries, barracks and broadcasting facilities passed to revolutionary forces.
📅 11 February 1979
The fall of the Pahlavi state ended the monarchy and is commemorated in Iran as the victory of the Islamic Revolution.
📅 11 February 1979
Committees took responsibility for security, food distribution and administration during the collapse of the old state.
