📅 3 November 1945
Vice-President Mohammad Hatta issued a government declaration encouraging the formation of political parties. It broadened political organization in the new republic and supported a plural public...
📅 14 November 1945
The first Sjahrir cabinet took office, shifting the republic toward a parliamentary cabinet and a diplomatic strategy while Indonesian resistance continued. The move reflected debate among Indonesians...
📅 15 November 1946
The agreement recognized Republican authority over Java, Madura, and Sumatra and envisaged a federal United States of Indonesia linked to the Netherlands. Recognition was partial and conditional,...
📅 25 March 1947
The Netherlands and Republic of Indonesia signed the Linggadjati text after months of dispute. Its recognition of Republican control over Java, Madura, and Sumatra fell short of full independence...
