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22 October 1956
French authorities intercepted and forced the landing of a civilian Moroccan aircraft carrying Ahmed Ben Bella, Mohamed Boudiaf, Hocine AĆÆt Ahmed, Mohamed Khider, and Mostefa Lacheraf. The five...
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1 November 1954
The FLN launched attacks across Algeria and issued a declaration calling for national independence and restoration of a sovereign Algerian state. France responded with expanding military repression....
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5 July 1962
After voters endorsed independence on 1 July, France formally recognized Algerian independence on 3 July; celebrations were held on 5 July. The date marked the end of 132 years of French rule, but the...
