Historical Organization
Afghanistan
Afghanistan
Details
Organization Timeline
Treaty of Paris ends the Anglo-Persian War
📅 4 March 1857Under the treaty, Iran agreed to evacuate Herat and renounce claims over the city and Afghanistan; Britain agreed to withdraw its forces. The settlement privileged British strategic objectives and...
Soviet Union and Afghanistan conclude a neutrality pact
📅 31 August 1926The Soviet and Afghan governments signed a treaty of neutrality and non-aggression, formalizing relations between neighbors whose frontier and security were shaped by Russian and British imperial...
Soviet troops enter Afghanistan amid a deepening conflict
📅 27 December 1979The Soviet intervention intensified a conflict already shaped by Afghan political upheaval and Cold War competition. At the UN, many states defended Afghanistan’s sovereignty and debated the...
General Assembly demands withdrawal of foreign troops from Afghanistan
📅 14 January 1980At its sixth emergency special session, the Assembly adopted resolution ES-6/2 calling for the withdrawal of foreign troops and respect for Afghanistan’s sovereignty and non-alignment. The vote...
UN General Assembly calls for Soviet troop withdrawal from Afghanistan
📅 14 January 1980Emergency Special Session Resolution ES-6/2 deplored the armed intervention and demanded the immediate, unconditional, and total withdrawal of foreign troops. The vote made Afghan sovereignty a...
Afghanistan Geneva Accords are signed
📅 14 April 1988Afghanistan and Pakistan signed agreements on non-interference and refugee return; the USSR and United States signed guarantees. The accords set a timetable for Soviet withdrawal but did not end...
Geneva Accords set timetable for Soviet withdrawal
📅 14 April 1988Afghanistan, Pakistan, the Soviet Union and the United States signed agreements in Geneva. They established a framework for Soviet withdrawal and non-interference, but the Afghan mujahideen and...
Soviet troop withdrawal from Afghanistan begins
📅 15 May 1988The first phase of withdrawal followed the Geneva Accords. Afghan people continued to face war, displacement, and foreign intervention after Soviet troops began leaving.
Final Soviet troops leave Afghanistan
📅 15 February 1989The withdrawal ended the decade-long Soviet military intervention, in accordance with the Geneva timetable. Afghan conflict continued, and millions of refugees still faced the question of safe,...
SCO welcomes reconstruction and stability in Afghanistan
📅 17 June 2004The Tashkent Declaration expressed interest in a peaceful, united Afghanistan and supported international cooperation on security, reconstruction and drug trafficking. Afghanistan was treated as...
SCO convenes a special conference on Afghanistan
📅 27 March 2009The SCO hosted a special conference on Afghanistan with regional and international participation. The declaration treated Afghanistan’s stability as inseparable from regional security and development,...
Afghanistan conference emphasizes a regional approach to reconstruction
📅 27 March 2009Participants linked security to reconstruction and economic development and called for coordinated efforts against terrorism and narcotics trafficking. This recognized that military measures alone...
SCO grants Afghanistan observer status
📅 7 June 2012The Beijing summit granted Afghanistan observer status, widening its institutional relationship with the organization without making it a member. The decision recognized Afghanistan’s central place in...
Ufa summit links regional stability with Afghanistan
📅 10 July 2015The Ufa declaration addresses Afghanistan and the need for cooperation on security and reconstruction. Afghanistan appears as a neighboring society and policy partner, while the agenda remains...
SCO reiterates support for Afghanistan’s peace and development
📅 24 June 2016The declaration addressed Afghanistan and called for coordinated regional and international efforts. Afghanistan remained an observer and partner, not a member of the organisation.
Prosecutor requests authorization to investigate Afghanistan
📅 20 November 2017The Prosecutor asked judges to investigate alleged crimes by the Taliban, Afghan forces and international forces, including US personnel. The request challenged the Court to address alleged conduct by...
ICC Appeals Chamber rejects Afghanistan investigation authorization
📅 12 April 2019The Appeals Chamber overturned a decision authorizing investigation, citing the interests of justice and practical prospects for investigation. Rights groups and victims criticized the decision as...
ICC Appeals Chamber authorizes Afghanistan investigation
📅 5 March 2020On appeal, judges authorized the investigation and held that the earlier chamber had applied the wrong legal standard. The reversal restored a pathway to investigate alleged crimes by all parties,...
Prosecutor seeks to resume Afghanistan investigation with narrower priorities
📅 27 September 2021Prosecutor Karim Khan asked judges to resume the investigation and prioritize alleged crimes by the Taliban and Islamic State in Khorasan Province. He said other aspects, including alleged crimes by...
Earthquake devastates southeastern Afghanistan
📅 22 June 2022A 5.9-magnitude earthquake struck southeastern Afghanistan, affecting Paktika and Khost and killing more than 1,000 people. Many homes were mud-brick structures in remote areas, complicating rescue...
Judges authorize resumption of Afghanistan investigation
📅 31 October 2022Pre-Trial Chamber II authorized the Prosecutor to resume the Afghanistan investigation. The decision followed the earlier refusal in 2019 and the 2020 appeal that had reopened the path to...
ICC issues warrants over gender persecution in Afghanistan
📅 8 July 2025Judges issued warrants for Taliban Supreme Leader Haibatullah Akhundzada and Chief Justice Abdul Hakim Haqqani for alleged crimes against humanity, including persecution on gender grounds. The...
Earthquake devastates eastern Afghanistan
📅 31 August 2025A magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck Kunar, Nangarhar and Laghman. A later UN-led assessment documented widespread damage and barriers to aid for women and girls.